NPIW meaning in Academic & Science ?

North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) is cold, moderately low salinity water mass that originates in the mixed water region (MWR) between the Kuroshio and Oyashio waters just east of Japan. Examination of NPIW at stations just east of the MWR indicates that the mixed waters in the MWR are the origin of the newest NPIW. The new NPIW ‘‘formed’’ in the MWR is a mixture of relatively fresh, recently ventilated Oyashio water coming from the subpolar gyre, and more saline, older Kuroshio water. The mixing process results in a salinity minimum and also in rejuvenation of the NPIW layer in the subtropical gyre due to the Oyashio input.