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Course Queries Syllabus Queries 2 years ago
Posted on 16 Aug 2022, this text provides information on Syllabus Queries related to Course Queries. Please note that while accuracy is prioritized, the data presented might not be entirely correct or up-to-date. This information is offered for general knowledge and informational purposes only, and should not be considered as a substitute for professional advice.
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While teaching thermodynamics our chemistry teacher (physics syllabus covers only first law) told us that a process is reversible if and only if no entropy is created.
Coming back to everyday life while playing with magnets we have observed that some substances stay magnetized for a very very long time (that is to say permanently) while others lose their magnetism at a moments notice. Now since magnetism is induced in some materials permanently I conclude that some change in entropy takes place. Now how exactly does magnetism produce a change in entropy on a micro and macro scale ?
A system in equilibrium corresponds to a free energy minimum which is a compromise between a minimum of the internal energy with a maximisation of the entropy. When you introduce, say, an unmagnetised ferromagnet to a magnetic field, alignment of the atomic magnetic moments with the external field reduces the internal energy. So if the field is strong enough (i.e. a great enough reduction in internal energy) then magnetisation can occur at the expense of a decrease in entropy.
Note, however, that the total entropy of the universe does not decrease since you need to use a heat engine (e.g. your arm) to move the ferromagnet through the magnetic field which will itself generate entropy.
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