COMPENSATION:The ruling GRADIENT is the maximum gradient on a particular section, but if a CURVE lies on a ruling gradient, the resistance due to gradient is increased by that due to curvature, and this further increases the resistance beyond the ruling gradient. In order to avoid resistances beyond the allowable limits, the GRADIENTS are reduced on curves, and this reduction is known as the grade compensation for the curve.Allowable ruling gradient = Ruling gradient - Grade compensation Grade compensation (GC) for BG = 0.04% per degree of curveGrade compensation (GC) for MG = 0.03% per degree of curveGrade compensation (GC) for NG = 0.02% per degree of curveCalculationGiven,Degree of curve D = 5° Ruling Gradient = 1 in 200 So for 5° curve, compensation,= 0.04 × 5 = 0.20%∴ Ruling gradient \(= \frac{1}{{200}} \times 100 = 0.5{\rm{\% }}\)∴ Allowable gradient = (0.5 - 0.2)% =\( {\rm{\;}}\frac{{0.3}}{{100}} = \frac{1}{{333}}\)∴ Allowable Gradient = 1/333