LOWER value of working stresses in steel and concrete is adopted, by multiplying the general working stresses by the reduction coefficient. \(C_r= 1.25-\frac{{{l_{eff}}}}{{48D}} \ or\ 1.25-\frac{{{l_{eff}}}}{{48B}}\) where,Cr = Reduction coefficientB and D = Least LATERAL DIMENSION of the columnleff = Effective Length of the columnCalculation:Given,leff = 4.5 MB = 200 mmD = 250 mmCr = 1.25 - 4500/(48 X 200) = 0.78 or 1.25 - 4500/(48 x 250) = 0.875Lesser value adopted, so Cr = 0.78If Effective Length / Least Lateral Dimension > 12, Long column otherwise short.