MACHINE Language. Machine language is the language understood by a computer.The instructions to the computer are given using a low-level programming language that directly controls a computer's central PROCESSING unit.It comprises of binary digits (ones and zeros). COBOLCOBOL stands for Common Business-Oriented Language.COBOL is primarily used in business, finance, and administrative systems for companies and governments.The applications like those in the DEFENCE domain, insurance domain, etc. which require huge data processing make extensive use of COBOL.FORTRANFortran's name was produced from the TWO words FORmula TRANslation.FORTRAN is a high-level programming language.Fortran was originally developed by a team at IBM in 1957 for scientific calculations.Assembly languageAn assembly language is a low-level programming language.It is designed for a specific type of processor.It may be produced by compiling source code from a high-level programming language (such as C/C++) or can also be written from scratch.