GIVEN: x = 23Calculation: According to the question,⇒ x8 - 24X7 + 24x6 – 24x5 + 24x4 – 24x3 + 24x2 – 24x + 1⇒ x8 – (23 + 1)X7 + (23 + 1)x6 – (23 + 1)x5 + (23 + 1)x4 – (23 + 1)x3 + (23 + 1)X2 – (23 + 1)x + 1Substituting 23 = x⇒ x8 – (x + 1)x7 + (x + 1)x6 – (x + 1)x5 + (x + 1)x4 – (x + 1)x3 + (x + 1)x2 – (x + 1)x + 1⇒ x8 – (x8 + x7) + (x7 + x6) – (x6 + x5) + (x5 + x4) – (x4 + x3) + (x3 + x2) – (x2 + x) + 1⇒ x8 – x8 – x7 + x7 + x6 – x6 – x5 + x5 + x4 – x4 – x3 + x3 + x2 – x2 – x + 1⇒ – x + 1⇒ – 23 + 1⇒ – 22∴ The value of x8 - 24x7 + 24x6 - 24x5 + 24x4 - 24x3 + 24x2 - 24x + 1 is – 22.