The resultant microstructure after normalizing should be

Concept:Normalizing: It is an annealing treatment in which steels are heated in the austenitic range followed by the air cooling (at higher cooling rates as compared to other annealing processes).The HEATING is performed at least 55°C above the upper critical temperature that is above A3 for hypo eutectoid compositions and above Acm for hypereutectoid compositions.It RESULTS in fine pearlitic steels are tougher than coarse pearlitic steels obtained by other annealing processes (as cooling rates are low due to furnace cooling).It is performed to achieve any of the following purposes:To eliminate coarse-grained microstructure obtained in previous working OPERATIONS such as ROLLING and forging.To modify and improve cast dendritic structure and reduce SEGREGATION by homogenizing the microstructure.Main objectiveRefine grain size in metal, improve strength and hardness, reduce ductilityRemove cold worked stress.Remove dislocations due to hot working.