ROTATIONAL speed of the rotor deviates from the synchronous speed and that keeps the machine in synchronism.Pull-in torque:A synchronous motor is started as an induction motor during starting condition and its speed below 2 to 5% of the synchronous speedWhen the excitation (DC SUPPLY) to the FIELD winding is applied, the motor pull into synchronism resulting stator and rotor magnetic field ROTATES at the same speedThe amount of torque requires for the synchronous motor to pull into synchronism is called as pull in torquePull-out torque:It is maximum torque that the synchronous motor can develop without pulling out of stepWhen the synchronous motor is loaded, the rotor falls BACK by some angle a is called a load angleThe stator and rotor magnetic rotate at synchronous speed in spite of some load is applied on the rotorThe synchronous motor developed maximum torque when the rotor falls back by angle 90°When the load increases beyond its maximum rating, the rotor steps out of synchronism and synchronous motor stop.