VHDL - How to adding 1 to STD_LOGIC_VECTOR?

Sorry to say, but there are quite a lot of things wrong with your code...

1. You are mixing combinatorial and sequential code in the same process, which is poor coding style. If coded correctly, there really is no need for the variable R_temp.
2. The sensitivity list is a simulation aid only, yet you are trying to use it as a conditional (when inc changes, increment R). This will not work in hardware. When starting out with VHDL, my suggestion is to use VHDL_2008 and always use process(all) as the sensitivity list. This avoids beginner errors, since it reflects what synthesis does.
3. You are creating a combinatorial loop in the second process. This will not show up in simulation because of 2. above, but will cause errors in synthesis.
4. As already mentioned by baldyHDL, you are assigning to R in multiple processes.
5. Prefer unsigned to std_logic_vector when dealing with numbers. Generally you should not include std_logic_arith, nor std_logic_unsigned, just std_logic_1164 and numeric_std.
6. Adding a std_logic value (such as '1') is not standard, or at least not supported by all tools. Simply use an integer instead: R <= R + 1;

By your code, I gather that you are trying to write a counter with increment, load and clear signals. I don't just want to give you the code (that would ruin the learning experience for you), but try to fit the entire counter into a single process, using the following template:

process(clk) begin
    if(rising_edge(clk)) then
        -- Your code here vvv
        if(clr = '1') then

        elsif(ld = '1') then

        elsif(inc = '1') then

        end if;
        -- Your code here ^^^
    end if;
end process;