What is Automatic Language Processing Advisory Committee mean? ALPAC (Automatic Language Processing Advisory Committee) was a committee of seven scientists led by John R. Pierce, established in 1964 by the United States government in order to evaluate the progress in computational linguistics in general and machine translation in particular. Its report, issued in 1966, gained notoriety for being very skeptical of research done in machine translation so far, and emphasizing the need for basic research in computational linguistics; this eventually caused the U.S. government to reduce its funding of the topic dramatically.
The ALPAC was set up in April 1964 with John R. Pierce as the chairman.
The committee consisted of:
John R. Pierce, who at the time worked for Bell Telephone LaboratoriesJohn B. Carroll, a psychologist from Harvard UniversityEric P. Hamp, a linguist from the University of ChicagoDavid G. Hays, a Machine Translation researcher from RAND CorporationCharles F. Hockett, a linguist from Cornell UniversityAnthony G. Oettinger, a Machine Translation researcher from Harvard UniversityAlan Perlis, an Artificial Intelligence researcher from Carnegie Institute of Technology
Testimony was heard from:
Paul Garvin of Bunker-Ramo CorporationGilbert King of Itek Corporation and previously from IBMWinfred P. Lehmann from University of TexasJules Mersel of Bunker-Ramo Corporation
ALPAC's final recommendations (p. 34) were, therefore, that research should be supported on:
practical methods for evaluation of translations;means for speeding up the human translation process;evaluation of quality and cost of various sources of translations;investigation of the utilization of translations, to guard against production of translations that are never read;study of delays in the over-all translation process, and means for eliminating them, both in journals and in individual items;evaluation of the relative speed and cost of various sorts of machine-aided translation;adaptation of existing mechanized editing and production processes in translation;the over-all translation process; andproduction of adequate reference works for the translator, including the adaptation of glossaries that now exist primarily for automatic dictionary look-up in machine translation
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