CONTINUOUS ascent of heated air creates a vacuum in the lower layers of the atmosphere. As a CONSEQUENCE, cooler air comes down to fill the vacuum, leading to convection.The cyclic movement associated with the convectional process in the atmosphere transfer heat from the lower layer to the upper layer and heats up the atmosphere.The convection transfer of energy is confined only to the troposphere.Sinking air/conductionConduction is the process of heat transfer from a warmer object to a cooler object when they come in contact with each other.The flow of heat energy continues till the temperature of both the objects become equal or the contact is broken.The conduction in the atmosphere occurs at the zone of contact between the atmosphere and the EARTH's surface.It is important in heating the lower layers of the atmosphere.AdvectionThe transfer of heat through horizontal movement of air (wind) is called advection.Winds carry the temperature of one place to another. The temperature of a place will rise if it lies in the path of winds coming from warmer regions. The temperature will fall if the place lies in the path of the winds blowing from cold regions.Horizontal movement of the air is relatively more important than the vertical movement. In the middle latitudes, most of diurnal (day and night) variations in daily weather are caused by advection alone.In tropical regions particularly in northern India during the summer season, local winds called ‘Loo’ is the OUTCOME of advection process.RadiationAll object whether hot or cold emit radiant energy continuously.Hotter objects emit more energy per unit area than colder objects.The temperature of an object determines the wavelength of radiation.Temperature and wavelength are inversely PROPORTIONAL.