The first claim follows from the fact that the Galois group of Fpn/Fp is generated by the Frobenius map x↦xp. Thus, from Galois theory, the subfield of Fpn fixed by G(Fpn/Fp) is exactly Fp. For your second statement, recall that Tr(yp)=Tr(y), now apply Tr on both sides of the equation.
manpreet
Best Answer
2 years ago
Define the trace by
Now define yet another mapping:
I know that this is a linear mapping. My syllabus stated the following I could't prove: